Ubunzulu beNdawo yeNkqubo yeKhamera ye-Endoscope

Ukuqaliswa kwenkqubo ye-optical endoscope yonyango

Okwangoku, ii-endoscopes zonyango ziquka ikakhulu iindidi ezintathu: i-fiber electronic endoscopes, i-endoscopes eqinile kunye ne-capsule endoscopes. I-endoscope enzima idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiimviwo ezininzi zonyango, ukuxilongwa kunye nonyango ngenxa yeenzuzo zayo zokucinga okucacileyo, ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nesisombululo esiphezulu somfanekiso.

I-endoskophu enzima kancinane utyando kukufaka i-endoskopu eqinileyo emzimbeni womntu (ofana nomngxuma wesisu), sebenzisa umthombo wokukhanya obandayo ukuze ukhanyise ngefiber optical, kwaye uthumele umfanekiso kwikhamera yesuntswana ngenkqubo yamehlo, eboniswa kumboniso ophezulu{0} wenkcazelo ngexesha lokwenyani. Emva koko ugqirha uhlalutya, agwebe kwaye asebenze kwimeko yesigulane ngokomfanekiso welungu lezicubu ekuboniseni.

Inkqubo ye-optical endoscope yonyango eqinile ibandakanya ikakhulu iinxalenye ezine: i-endoscope eqinile, i-lens yokudibanisa, i-prism yokwahlula kunye ne-CMOS image sensor. I-endoscope enzima inokwahlulwa ibe yi-lens enenjongo, inkqubo yokudlulisa kunye ne-eyepiece.

I-lens yenjongo ye-endoscope ye-medical eyomeleleyo ineempawu zobude obufutshane obugxininisekileyo, indawo enkulu yokujonga kunye nobude obude be-optical. Ke ngoko, inkqubo ye-optical ngokubanzi iyilwe ngolwakhiwo lwelensi yenjongo ye-telephoto. Iqela lelensi yamandla engalunganga lisetyenziswa njengeqela langaphambili, kwaye iqela lelensi yamandla alungileyo lisetyenziswa njengeqela elingasemva. Xa umqadi onxuseneyo usenzeka, usasazwa liqela langaphambili uze wenze umfanekiso okwinqwelo-moya. Indawo ephambili yale nkqubo ye-optical isusiwe kwi-lens yenjongo ukuya ngasemva, ngaloo ndlela ifumana umgama wokusebenza ixesha elide kunobude obugxilwe. Ukongeza, emva kokuba -i-axis ye-axis ene-engile enkulu yentsimi idlula kwiqela le-lens yamandla angalunganga, i-engile yokuhlukana engena kwiqela le-lens yamandla afanelekileyo iba ncinane, ukuze kuphunyezwe injongo ye-engile ebanzi.

Ukuze ungene emzimbeni womntu ukujonga izilonda, i-endoscope eqinile yonyango kufuneka iyilwe ngobude obuthile, njenge-laparoscope, ngokuqhelekileyo ubude be-30 cm. Oku kufuna ukuba ukongeza kwi-lens yenjongo ye-imaging, i-endoscope eqinile iphinda ifune isibuko sentonga ukuze sisebenze njengenkqubo yokuhambisa umfanekiso we-relay, kunye nokukhulisa - 1. Ukusetyenziswa kwamaqela angaqhelekanga kunokwenza inkqubo ibe yinto enhle.
Umsebenzi we-endoscope eyepiece kukudlula umfanekiso owenziwe yi-lens yenjongo kunye nenkqubo yokubuyisela kwi-eyepiece kwaye ungene kwiliso lomntu ngendlela yokukhanya okufanayo.

Ngoku, i-lens eguquguqukayo yongezwa ngokwesiseko se-endoscope ebonakalayo, ukuze ukukhanya okuphumayo kwe-eyepiece kube nomfanekiso kwithagethi ye-CMOS ngokusebenzisa ilensi yeadaptha. Umfundi ophumayo we-eyepiece ngumfundi wokungena we-adapter
Ukushwankathela, ngokubhekiselele kuyilo lonke, undoqo we-endoscope kuyo yonke inkqubo ye-optical system inokuthelekiswa nenjongo yezithombe. Ngokubhekiselele kubunzulu bovavanyo lwentsimi kwilensi yekhamera, ubunzulu bentsimi yenkqubo yokucinga ye-endoscope igxile kwi-endoscope ngokwayo, kungekhona i-lens.